Kirchhoff's Laws


There are two laws associated with Kirchhoff.


Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL):

The sum of all the currents at any node in a circuit equals zero.

A common sign convention must be applied around any node in order to use this law. Typically, current that leaves a node is considered positive and current that enters a node is considered negative.

So for the following schematic:



i1 + i2i3i4 = 0


Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL):
The sum of all the voltages around any closed path in a circuit equals zero.